(20S)-Protopanaxadiol

(20S)-Protopanaxadiol demonstrated antidepressant-like activity as potent as fluoxetine.(20S)-Protopanaxadiol treated bulbectomy animals had higher levels of monoamine neurotransmitters in the brain and in vitro reuptake assay showed that S111 had a mild inhibitory effect.(20S)-Protopanaxadiol but not fluoxetine significantly reduced brain oxidative stress and down-regulated serum corticosterone concentration in bulbectomy animals.20(S)-protopanaxadiol, an active ginseng metabolite, exhibits strong antidepressant-like effects in animal tests.20S-protopanaxadiol inhibits P-glycoprotein in multidrug resistant cancer cells.

20(S)-APPD, 20-Epiprotopanaxadiol

C30H52O3

>98%